Cotton fiber is the seed fiber of cotton. Most of cotton is an annual plant, which is developed from epidermal cells that grow on cotton seeds. There are many types of cotton, and there are currently two major classification methods.
If divided according to the type of cotton, can be divided into fine cotton and cotton;
Loose cotton is also known as upland cotton. The fiber density and length are medium, the general length is 25-35mm, the linear density is 1.56~2.12dtex, and the strength is about 4.5N/dtex. Most of the cotton currently planted in China falls into this category, accounting for about 95% of the country's planted area. Long-staple cotton: Long-staple cotton is also called sea-island cotton. The chemical fiber is thin and long. The general length is more than 33mm, the linear density is 1.18~1.54dtex, and the strong force is 4.0N/dtex or more. It is of high quality and is mainly used for spinning fine cotton yarns that are finer than 10dtex. At present, there are fewer plants grown in China. In addition to Xinjiang long-staple cotton, the main imports are Egyptian cotton and Sudan cotton.
According to the preliminary processing classification of cotton, seed cotton is taken from the cotton field and cannot be directly processed by textile processing. The initial processing must be performed first, that is, the cotton seed in the seed cotton is removed to obtain lint for textile production. This initial processing is also called ginning.
According to different initial processing methods, cotton can be divided into sawtooth cotton and roller cotton.
Sawtooth cotton, using the sawtooth ginner processing lint known as sawtooth cotton. At present, most of the fine velveteen cottons use jagged gins. Roller-covered cotton, using lint-rolled cotton ginners, is called roll-liner. Long-staple cotton generally uses lap cotton. The main cotton producing areas of the world include the United States, India, Pakistan, Brazil, Egypt and other countries. The cultivation of cotton in China is almost all over the country, and the Yellow River basin and the Yangtze River basin are the main ones. There are also five major cotton fields in the Northwest Inland, Liaohe River Basin and South China.
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